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翻译资格考试《二级笔译实务》真题及答案（网友回忆版）（二）
- 年份：2022年
- 类型：历年真题
- 总分：100.00分
- 时长：180分钟
- 题量：4
- 做题人数：1人
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Section 1 English-Chinese Translation（Translate the following passage into Chinese.
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Ever since the economist David Ricardo offered the basic theory in 1817, economic scripture has taught that open trade-free of tariffs, quotas, subsidies or other government distortions-improves the well-being of both parties.U.S.policy has implemented this doctrine with a vengeance.Why is free trade said to be universally beneficial? The answer is a doctrine called “comparative advantage”.
Here’s a simple analogy.If a surgeon is highly skilled both at doing operations and performing routine blood tests, it’s more efficient for the surgeon to concentrate on the surgery and pay a less efficient technician to do the tests, since that allows the surgeon to make the most efficient use of her own time.
By extension, even if the United States is efficient both at inventing advanced biotechnologies and at the routine manufacture of medicines, it makes sense for the United States to let the production work migrate to countries that can make the stuff more cheaply.Americans get the benefit of the cheaper products and get to spend their resources on even more valuable pursuits, That, anyway, has always been the premise.But here Samuelson dissents.What if the lower wage country also captures the advanced industry?
If enough higher-paying jobs are lost by American workers to outsourcing, he calculates, then the gain from the cheaper prices may not compensate for the loss in U.S.purchasing power.
“Free trade is not always a win-win situation,” Samuelson concludes.It is particularly a problem, he says, in a world where large countries with far lower wages, like India and China, are increasingly able to make almost any product or offer almost any service performed in the United States.
If America trades freely with them, then the powerful drag of their far lower will begin dragging down U.S.average wages.The U.S.economy may still grow, he calculates, but at a lower rate than it otherwise would have.
【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见
Section 2 Chinese-English Translation（Translate the following passage into English.
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近年来，中国经济保持快速发展，为世界经济发展注入了活力。实践证明了中国在加入世贸组织之前的预言：中国的发展离不开世界，世界的发展需要中国。未来20年，在全面建设小康社会的进程中，中国一定会对世界经济的发展和实现全人类的共同进步作出历史性的贡献。为此，中国将继续扩大外贸，大力实施西部大开发战略，进一步改善投资环境，为外商提供更大的商机。同时，中国将引导和支持更多有比较优势的企业对外投资，开展平等互利、形式多样的经济技术合作。中国将进一步加强双边、多边和区域经济合作，实现世界各国各地区的共同发展。
【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见
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