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翻译资格考试《二级笔译实务》真题及答案（网友回忆版）（一）
- 年份：2022年
- 类型：历年真题
- 总分：100.00分
- 时长：180分钟
- 题量：4
- 做题人数：1人
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Section 1 English-Chinese Translation（Translate the following passage into Chinese.
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Sometimes you can know too much.The aim of screening healthy people for cancer is to discover tumours when they are small and treatable.It sounds laudable and often it is.But it sometimes leads to unnecessary treatment.The body has a battery of mechanisms for stopping small tumours from becoming large ones.Treating those that would have been suppressed anyway does no good and can often be harmful.
Take lung cancer.A report in this week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, by Peter Bach of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Centre in New York and his colleagues, suggests that, despite much fanfare around the use of computed tomography (CT) to detect tumours in the lungs well before they cause symptoms, the test may not reduce the risk of dying from the disease at all—indeed, it may make things worse.
The story begins last year, when Claudia Henschke of Cornell University and her colleagues made headlines with a report that patients whose lung cancer had been diagnosed early by CT screening had excellent long-term survival prospects.Her research suggested that 88% of patients could expect to be alive ten years after their diagnosis.Dr Bach found similar results in a separate study.In his case, 94% of patients diagnosed with early-stage lung cancer were alive four years later.
Survival data alone, though, fail to answer a basic question: “compared with what?” People are bound to live longer after their diagnosis if that diagnosis is made earlier.Early diagnosis is of little value unless it results in a better prognosis.
Dr Bach, therefore, interrogated his data more thoroughly.He used statistical models based on results from studies of lung cancer that did not involve CT screening, to try to predict what would have happened to the individuals in his own study if they had not been part of that study.The results were not encouraging.
Screening did, indeed, detect more tumours.Over the course of five years, 144 cases of lung cancer were picked up in a population of 3,200, compared with a predicted number of 44.Despite these early diagnoses, though, there was no reduction in the number of people who went on to develop advanced cancer, nor a significant drop in the number who died of the disease (38, compared with a prediction of 39).Considering that early diagnosis prompted a tenfold increase in surgery aimed at removing the cancer (the predicted number of surgical interventions was 11; the actual number was 109), and that such surgery is unsafe—5% of patients die and another 20~40% suffer serious complications—the whole process seems to make things worse.
【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见
Section 2 Chinese-English Translation（Translate the following passage into English.
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长期以来西方人一直怀疑由草药制成的中成药是否有效。在过去的几年内，中国传统医药在世界范围内经历了严格的科学审查。
为证明和提高传统治疗方法的效益，中国大陆投入了巨资在这方面进行艰苦研究。香港一直在努力使自己成为世界上传统中医研究的带头人。台湾也提出它将把自己建成一个中医技术中心。
传统中医药的研究工作在亚洲以外地区的大学和其他机构也蓬勃开展。这些揭开传统医学秘密的研究工作可能会为中西医都大感头疼的疾病患者带来福音。
尽管在理论上中西医之间还存在着分歧，一些对中医药感兴趣的著名国际制药公司已开始在中国实施小规模的研究项目。一批新药已在亚洲各地接受试验。
【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见
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